Medication errors in hospitals Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Medication errors in hospitals - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that a device or medication faults more often takes the form of erroneous use of a prescription order or the wrong operation or placing a medical device in a wrong manner. Errors also include the unintentional exchange of a mistaken product in the place of the prescribed one. Also, faults may occur for example, when confusing product name results in the wrong product being dispersed or when inattention leads to an overdose of a certain intended drug. A considerable number of injuries occur annually because of medication or device errors. In general medication mistakes are presumed to be as a result of certain problems within the whole health care system, implying that these faults are usually multiple errors that exist in almost the entire health care system, for example a doctors’ illegible written prescription pads as well as unclear or rather an unfamiliar drug labelling may also result in pharmacists misreading prescriptions and labelling and filling prescription with the wrong medication. Particularly in a hospital milieu and setting, medication safety is especially a very sensitive and delicate issue considering their composite mix of technological and human systems. Melcher, Lampert, Haschke, Drewe& Krahenbuhl, stated that medication errors occurred mostly during the administration process, he concluded that majority of the errors arise during the administration 53%, followed by prescription 17%, and preparation 14% and finally transcription 11%.... of a dependable and regular approach that permits for monitoring , reporting and examining as well as reviewing of errors in an accommodative environment, this identifies and eliminates the reasons for errors. The organization develops a system for frequent and recurrent assessment and evaluation of nurse’s medication administration processes and reassurance of continuous supervision by the head nurse. The development of a quality system which should involves policies and procedure manual to give guidance on medication administration process and enhance quality of nursing care in medication administration. Increase the effectiveness of communication among health care providers to improve and ascertain continuity of patient care. Finally revise and redesign the medication recording formats such as medication kardex, medication history sheets, and medication error reports to make uniform medical practitioners performance moreover the hospital should make available adequate suppl ies in terms of facilities and equipments essential for correct preparation and administration of medications and the provision of appropriate rooms for preparation of medication. 2. Improvements on physicians and pharmacists for quality improvements of medical areas In regards to improvements on physicians and pharmacists the following changes can be implemented; Physicians should be aware of the hospital guidelines and guiding principles in regards to drafting medication orders in the right format, readable and understandable instructions and monitor oral medication orders to augment the medication administration procedure. Physicians and doctors should be readily available all through inside the intensive care unit (ICU) upon being requested for confirmation and clarification of medication

Global inequalit, and caste systems Essay Example for Free

Global inequalit, and caste systems Essay Describe the trend in global inequality over the course of the last century. Based on where we have been and where we are now, predict where the world may be a century from now. What prediction would modernization theory support? What about dependency theory? What do you think will happen? Why? Briefly describe the main characteristics of caste systems and class systems. How are these types linked to different kinds of economic production (agrarian versus industrial technology)? In what ways are people in class systems more equal than those in caste systems? What are the different justifications for inequality in each case? Question 1 Global inequality has been on the rise over the past century with the boom of the industrial and the information revolution. Countries known as the first world have far surpassed third world countries. Modernization theory points out those countries that had been the poorest have developed and have become richer due to the trade expansion and industrial revolution. This trend will rise in countries that have the technology to pursue this fast pace movement but countries that do not have the technology will see almost no change at all. I believe this trend will continue. Question 2 In the class system people are equal because more competition is at hand. People are only held back by the amount of energy they wish to expel to their careers or life style. In caste systems people are placed into pre-determined situations such as work or marriage purely based on who they have been born to and what their families have done for a living. The main characteristic of a caste system is based on arbitrary placement.  People are made to marry only others from within their own race such as in South Africa, and India. In a caste system, a son of a plumber will be a plumber. However, some characteristics of the caste system are seen here in the United States, which is a class system. Examples of this would be clearly the George W. Busch family and the Robert Kennedy family. Both are considered powerful political families created by passing down from one generation to the other their political influences and by marrying into other rich and influential families. What justifies caste and class systems are economics. Countries that depend on farming benefit from a caste system, because farming would be past down from one generation to the other making it to be more productive. Industrial nations on a class system use the most qualified persons from any class or social group based on their individual achievements and not solely based on birth. Therefore, a baker may have a son who makes great strides in science and help the nation develop.

Analysing The God Of Small Things English Literature Essay

Analysing The God Of Small Things English Literature Essay May in Ayemenem is a hot, brooding month. The days are long and humid. This luscious and mysterious description of India sounds unmistakably like a tourist novel yet this example of post colonial exoticism is used to lure in readers to the novel The God of Small Things. Whilst being better known for its celebrity stakes of the Booker Prize, the author Arundhati Roy is ethnic, a strong activist and her cultural authenticity passively provides an authentic Indian voice through her idealised western way of talking and thinking about the east. Roy plays into a colonial style known for its dominating, restructuring and authoritative power over India using references from politics and history to keep the story real and dangerously intoxicating for her western readers. It serves the dual purpose of being able to write back to the empire whilst becoming a product of global capitalism, hybridity of the west and the east, using eastern examples of western ideals through examples of critiqued p ower relations and subverted ideas of the exotic. The society of Ayamenem strongly follows westerns ideas adopted from its colonial background by living with a caste system in which there are two classes, the inferior touchables who are of a higher class than the untouchables. This idea is borrowed from the class system of the British so the inequality between both is familiar to its readers but is also exotic in the way that it controls society and influences everyday life. The extremity of having the untouchables so grateful to the touchable class that a man is willing to kill his own son when he discovers that he has broken the most important caste rule, that there is no interclass relations. These rules of society are unknown to that of the reader; it provides them with the mystery and danger of the exotic. Also having no interclass relations means that there is a lot of tension in the relationships between characters in the novel. The untouchables have internalized class segregation and are aware of the limits of their place in society. Relationships with these people are strongly discouraged but the members of this family find reason to cross and defy these rules. This is unusual behaviour and the idea of resistance against the adopted colonial system is exciting to its western audience who believe that the underdog can win although Roys account provides enough twists and turns to keep the reader guessing the consequences of the characters defiance. The novel also exoticises Indias inequality, making it light hearted and approachable for its western audience. The style of writing suggests that Roy has written the story from an outsiders perspective, looking, observing and commenting on daily life, strange insects appeared like ideas in the evening, questioning her authenticity through her strategic use of words and in this example she tells the reader of strange insects in the afternoon yet these insects should be familiar to the teller of the story. This westernisation becomes more apparent through Indian society who seem like they are trying to appeal to the wider western audience. While choosing a name for the family pickle company the relevance of the name was an important factor, At first he wanted to call it Zeus Pickles and Preserves, but that idea was vetoed because everybody said that Zeus was too obscure and had no local relevance, whereas Paradise did. (Comrade Pillais suggestion -Parashuram Pickles was vetoed for the opposite reason: too much local relevance). Instead of marketing to their local community, the name Paradise seemed more suitable which shows how self aware their society has become knowing that the pickling company could be seen on a global scale promoting its exotic feeling to produce global product. Roy promotes this kind of thinking throughout her novel and in a sense she is able to sell her culture through her strategic storytelling. She tells of hotels that have truncated traditional kathakali performances from six hour classics to twenty minutes cameos for the small attention spans of the tourists. It shows how Indian society has given into its colonialisation, allowing their cultural values and actions to be altered so that it can be marketed on a global scale. The strategic use of how India will be seen from a tourist point of view appeals greatly to those who have never seen India and in these terms Roy provides the idealistic tourist guide that they have been seeking wi th bite sized portions of a culturally authentic experience such as her use of traditional Malayalam words throughout the text. Not only has Roy tried to westernise India in her novel, she has also borrowed ideas and put them into and Indian context. The notion of love is not widely or publicly spoken about in India (although glamorised through film), it is something that is private and varies with the type of belief system one has. The God of Small Things is unique in this way; it could almost be seen as a tragic Indian love story showing the different interpretations of the dimensions of love. The idea of romantic love barely exists in Indian society as it collective society who make decisions together while romantic love is independently chosen and a modern way of finding a partner. Roy explores this through the relationship between characters such Chacko and Margaret. Chacko is Indian and he falls in love with a European woman and their relationship is the least stable as they find that it does not work and although it is demanding to say the least, Chacko decides to devote himself to her even after they have split so he can always be there for her. This type of relationship can be identified with easily as it seems to be more common throughout the west and it shows how multicultural relationships work within society. Baby Kochamma also tries to find meaning in her life through unrequited love for a Irish priest. The idea of unrequited love is discouraged in Indian society as it is embarrassing for the family as it is publicly unsuccessful. Familial love is then the most important and scared of all types of relationships. The parents in the novel have a very strong and deep love for their children that readers can relate to, Chacko loves his daughter Sophie so much (even though he barely knew her) that when she dies he is distraught and has to move away. Ammu also has a very strong love for her children and she shares that with Velutha (her love interest) who also shows an unselfish love for her children as a reflection of his love for Ammu. The twins also love each other very much and their love is so strong that they can easily know what each other is thinking and feeling although this is where Roy introduces a twist to the plot by having these types of love become forbidden and incestuous. She crosses the line that most Indian authors would we unwilling to as such things are unspoken of and yet at the same time this excites the western readers who can handle reading about such a taboo experience. She shows that love is a powerful and uncontrollable force that cannot be contained by conventional social codes because a traditional Indian society (in the case of Ammu and Velutha) seeks to destroy romantic love as it believes that love should only be an emotion that is explained through two peoples cultural background and political identities. Roy speaks of love laws that have to be abided and such rules seem ridiculous and even intriguing to see how people live by them and the fascination of what happens if one might break these rules and how desperation and desire fight the overbearing force of being punished for loving the wrong person. The themes used by Roy are universal and provide a comfortable introduction to India. She is aware of how to sell her culture to the global market and is successful in promoting this novel as an authentic experience to the western world. It is not threatening but yet hybridity of cultures, strategically using exoticism to her advantage almost tricking her western audience into their curiosity to know more through her ability to be able to tell a great story which has no secrets and is exposed for all to take with them.

Fixing Racial Disparity Essay -- Racism

The term minority encompasses African Americans and Hispanics that live in the United States. These special populations are often overrepresented in the criminal justice system. Although our laws designed to make life fair and equal for minorities, they still report unfair treatment and struggles that white Americans do not experience. Policy changes in areas of social prevention, arrest and incarceration, and discharge, such as implementing help groups for youth, reform of and creating trust in law enforcement, and strong exit programs, can lead to fair treatment and reduction of representation of minorities in the criminal justice system. When looking at social prevention, one issue that should be addressed is education problems in minority communities suggested by Horton (2002). Judge Mathis speaks about young African Americans turning to crime because they are uneducated and how a mentor who pushed him to go to school made a big difference in his life (Levister, 2010). According to Charles Ogletree, a Harvard Law School Professor, after school and mentoring programs help keep young people out of trouble (Devarics, 2009). There should be policies to provide these programs to the youth. There should also be policies that provide funding to update or build new schools and ensure proper teaching methods in these communities. A recent lawsuit in Tangipahoa Parish, LA addressed this issue. It was presented as a desegregation suit but all the plaintiff wanted was equal education opportunities for the children in minority communities as are afforded children in neighboring white communities. This suit resulted in new schools, renovation of others, implementation of similar education programs, and fair access to extracurricular ac... ...al Profiling: What the Evidence Suggests. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 6(4), 87. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Jan, T. (2009, July 20). Harvard professor Gates arrested at Cambridge home. Retrieved May 27, 2012, from boston.com website: http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2009/07/harvard.html Levister, C. (2010, March 4). Judge Mathis reaches out with 'jail to judge' message. Retrieved May 27, 2012, from blackvoicenews.com website: http://www.blackvoicenews.com/news/44093-judge-mathis-reaches-out-with-jail-to- judge-message.html Toth, R. C., Crews, G. A., & Burton, C. E. (2008). In the margins: Special populations and American justice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Walker, S., Spohn, C., & Delone, M. (2012). The color of justice race, ethnicity, and crime in America (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

How to Reduce Electricity Usage

Electricity is one of primary needed of human being in this time; most of equipment in the world uses electricity . Now Indonesia is facing a serious problem because the over usage of electricity and the capacity of electricity is deficiency. The needs of electricity is increase every year, in this situation reduce usage of electricity is very important.Most highest electricity usage time is between 5 pm to 10 pm , this time is the best time for reduce or avoid the usage of heavy electricity consuming equipments like water heater, computer, refrigerator and etc. There are several steps involved in reducing electricity usage. First, use the saver energy lamp. Lamp is absorbing more electricity power than other equipment; light has longer usage than other equipment, especially for incandescent lamp. Many people still using incandescent lamp at their house, particularly for villager.They use incandescent lamp because is cheaper than the saver energy lamp like Phillips lamp for example, maybe it is more expensive than incandescent lamp, but the saver energy lamp have longer usage lifetime than incandescent, and it is brighter than incandescent lamp. But actually incandescent lamps have bigger power consumed than other lamp, and 19% of electricity is absorbing by lamp. â€Å"Incandescent lamps are marketed in various forms and are available for voltage (voltage) of work that range from 1. 5 to 300 volts of electricity required volt. Incandescent lamp to produce a bright light is bigger than any other artificial light sources like fluorescent lamps and diode light, then gradually in some countries began to be restricted circulation of incandescent lamps† (1) Second, switch off all the electricity equipment when not in use. Many people forget for switch off the equipment went they leave, they just left it in the on condition and that really waste the electricity.The standby mode just decreases electricity usage of the device, but it still absorbing the electric ity power. To avoid this happened, better if use automatically off timer on television, air conditioner, and etc, it will switch off the equipment automatically and reduce wasting electricity. Third, do not use the heavy electricity equipments from 5 pm until 10 pm. In this time, the user of electricity is the highest usage number. One of the wasting electricity causes is because using heavy electricity equipment.Like ironing or use washing machine. It can increase the usage of electricity, better if using this kind of equipment at the daylight and use it when the clothes already pile up and that is really save the electricity power. â€Å"If 10 million house users can save as big as 50 watt during 5 pm until 10 pm, we can save electricity power 2500 million watt hour (2500 MWh). If each 1 KWh electricity needs 0,3 liter diesel , that means we were saving 750 kiloliter diesel in 5 hour. † (2) Last, use sunlight and wind at daylight as useful as possible.Sunlight can dry laund ry naturally without use dry machine, dry machine absorb twice time bigger electricity power than when washing clothes. And open all the windows in the house, so the sunlight can come in and we do not need lamp as the lighting. Sunlight also can be changed to the synthetic electricity with the solar panel, that why use sunlight is really useful. Besides that Turning off air conditioner or fan and use wind as the change, it will reduce much electricity power.By doing this several steps, the ways to save electricity usage will be easier. It also can help government to resolve the deficiency electricity problem. Besides that, it can decrease the electricity payment too. And many advantages can be reaching, like increase the lifetime of equipment (because it not use often) and reducing global warming. And this is really useful for the better future.

Top 10 Online Tools to Help You Write the Perfect Essay

Top 10 Online Tools to Help You Write the Perfect Essay Top 10 Online Tools to Help You Write the Perfect Essay Top 10 Online Tools to Help You Write the Perfect Essay By Ali Hale Writing essays can be tough and sometimes you need all the help you can get. The great news is that there are plenty of online tools that can help you write the best essay you can – and I’m going to be running through ten of the best. Before we get into the list, though, here’s a huge caveat. DO NOT use websites that write your essay for you. When I researched this blog post, I found (to my horror) lots of lists of â€Å"essay-writing tools† that linked to essay mills as if those were legitimate writing tools. These essay mills are websites that sell essays for $200 $500 each. Let’s be very clear: if you pay someone else for an essay and hand it in as your own work, that’s cheating. You could get into serious trouble – maybe even thrown off your course. Plus, you might get horribly ripped off. None of the tools in this post will help you cheat. All of them will help you write the best essay you can. Of course, there are times when all the online tools in the world can’t help: when you’re taking your exams. If that’s the case, check out 7 Essay Writing Tips To Ace Your Next Exam to help you. Here are ten tools that could help you with your next essay. I’ve split them into different categories of tools to help with planning and research, with writing, and with editing. Tools to Help You Plan and Research Your Essay Before you start to write an essay, you need to plan it (and probably do some research, unless you’re writing about a topic that you’ve already learned about extensively in lectures or in class). These tools will help you with the planning stage of the writing process. #1: Essay Map (free), from ReadWriteThink I’m a big fan of planning in advance – and this tool walks you through the process of planning an essay. You’re a bit limited by the format (three main ideas, each with three subpoints) – but if you’re new to planning, it could be a great place to begin. You can save your finished map onto the computer, If you prefer to work on paper, you can also print a blank map to fill in. Tip: This basic structure: introduction, conclusion, and three key points, each with supporting evidence, could work for other forms of writing too – like a blog post or article. #2: Evernote (free), from Evernote Corporation Evernote is like a set of online notebooks – where you can keep anything you like, from written notes to photos to videos. I keep all my work-related notes there, plus lots of administrative bits and pieces – it makes it really easy to find what I need. Because you can login and access it from any computer or device, Evernote could be a great place to keep ideas and rough plans for your upcoming essays. You can search all your notes for a particular word or phrase, so it’s easy to find things that you wrote weeks or even years ago. Tip: You can save whole webpages into Evernote at the click of a button if you use the Evernote Chrome extension. #3: JSTOR (paid), from ITHAKA JSTOR is an online archive of lots of different academic journals and books. Most universities have a paid subscription to it, so you can access it for free using your university credentials. You can search JSTOR by author, subject (keyword), or title. You can see a screenshot above of the first couple of results for my search for â€Å"Samuel Richardson† (my favourite 18th century novelist). Tip: If you don’t have access through your institution, you can sill access public domain resources on JSTOR for free, plus up to six articles per month – or you can pay for a â€Å"JPASS† for $19.50/month. Tools to Help You Write Your Essay Once you’ve got a plan for your essay, and you’ve gathered some useful books or journal articles to reference, it’s time to write. These tools will help you get that first draft down. #4: Freedom (paid), from Freedom This app and website blocker lets you block specific websites – great for when you want to focus but keep getting distracted. If you need access to the internet for other tools, that’s no problem: with Freedom, you can block specific sites (like Facebook and Twitter) or apps on your phone. You can also block the whole internet, if you want to. Once you’re running a Freedom session, if you try to visit a blocked site, it simply won’t show up. Freedom costs $6.99/month or $29/year: there’s a trial version available so you can give it a go before you buy, and there’s also a money-back guarantee. You can use Freedom on multiple devices at no extra cost. Tip: If you want a free alternative to Freedom, Cold Turkey is a good option (as is StayFocusd, but that only works on Chrome). #5: EndNote Basic (free), from Clarivate Analytics EndNote is one of the best-known reference managing tools and you can use it online for free. You can search online databases / library catalogues (the free version only gives access to ones from the British Library, the Library of Congress, the National Library of Medicine, and PubMed) or you can create a reference manually by filling in a form. If you have a number of different essays on the go, you might want to organise your references into different groups. Other students can also share their groups of references with you – useful if you want to collaborate with coursemates. Tip: You can pay for a full version of EndNote (or your university may provide it) if you want to use advanced features, like accessing far more research database and attaching the full text of PDF sources to your reference database. #6: The Oxford English Dictionary (paid), from Oxford University If you study literature, linguistics, or any subject where you want an authoritative take on the origin of words, the Oxford English Dictionary is a fantastic tool. You need to login and access it online – which you can usually do through your university or local library. Otherwise, you can purchase a monthly subscription as an individual – but it’s pretty pricy ($29.95 in the US, or  £56+VAT for three months in the UK). So definitely check with your university or local library first, to see if you can access it through them. Tip: The OED provides a lot more information than a standard dictionary, and entries might look a bit overwhelming at first. You can â€Å"Hide all† quotations, which makes them a bit more manageable if you don’t need the quotations or if you’re hunting through a few different words to figure out which one you want! #7: Google Timer, from Google It can be really tough to stay focused when you’re writing, even with distracting websites blocked. Sitting down and planning to write for a whole morning or afternoon doesn’t work well for most people – you simply can’t concentrate on an essay for that long at a stretch. I like to use timers when I’m writing, to keep me focused and to break my writing session into short chunks. Around 30 – 45 minutes works well. (If you’re on a roll, you can always set the timer for another writing burst straightaway). While the timer’s running you’re writing! To set a timer in Google, simply search for â€Å"set a timer for X minutes† – e.g. â€Å"set a timer for 10 minutes†. The timer will appear on the screen and start automatically. WriteToDone has a bunch more tips on time management for writers. Tools to Help You Edit Your Essay Once your essay is written, you’re not done you still need to edit. It’s a very good idea to separate the drafting process from the editing process, and if you’ve done that, your first draft may well be a little rough and ready in places. These tools will all help you get it into shape. #8: Grammarly (free), from Grammarly Grammarly uses artificial intelligence to help you with grammar, spelling and style. You can turn it on and use it as you write – which can be very helpful for things like emails – but if you’re writing an essay, you might prefer to draft first then use Grammarly afterwards. It’s available as a Chrome plugin, and as a download for MS Office, so you can use it online or offline. Grammarly will flag up mistakes (like typos) but it’ll also spot places where you’ve used more words than you need or where you’ve used vague language. As you can see above, you can click on an underlined work to see Grammarly’s recommendation for fixing it – clicking the â€Å"See more in Grammarly† link gives you more details about what’s wrong, helping you to get things right next time.   #9: Hemingway (free), from Hemingway App The Hemingway app works in a similar way to Grammarly, though with a focus on style and readability rather than on spotting typos and misused words. It’s named after the American novelist Ernest Hemingway, who was known for his clear, concise writing. You can access the app without logging in, simply by going to the website: copy or type in your chosen text. It encourages you to avoid overly complex words and sentence structures: don’t feel that you need to change all of these (particularly in an academic essay, where a certain level of complexity is desirable!) – but do check any flagged words or sentences to make sure you’re happy with them, and that you don’t want to switch to a simpler alternative. Tip: You can download the Hemingway app for PC or Mac, rather than using it online – but it’ll cost you $19.99. #10: Thesaurus.com (free), from Dictionary.com Do you ever struggle to find quite the right word? It happens to me a lot: I know what I want to say, but I can’t think of the very best way to say it. Or, I’ll have used a particular word already and I want to avoid using it too often (the principle of elegant variation). A great way to broaden your vocabulary is to use a thesaurus to look up words with a similar meaning to the not-quite-right one that you’ve already got. Do make sure, of course, that you don’t simply pick a different word that you like the sound of: you want to get the one that precisely conveys your thoughts. Tip: If you want to find some options for the opposite of a word, Thesaurus.com can do that too – scroll down past the list of synonyms to the antonyms. What tools do you use to help you write better essays? Have I missed something off the list that you’d highly recommend? Pop a comment below to tell us about it. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1Try to vs. Try andHow Verbs Become Adjectives

Voting Kiosk System Essay Example

Voting Kiosk System Essay Example Voting Kiosk System Essay Voting Kiosk System Essay A COMPUTER BASE INFORMATION AND INTERNET KIOSK SYSTEM FOR BLESSED ELENA ACADEMY Submitted by: Antonio, John Leo Castro, Angelo Grafe, Alfredo Vasquez, Bobby Submitted to: Prof. Maria Carmela Racelis Date of Submission July 14, 2011 ABSTRACT Our propose system scopes the transformation of the manual system of blessed Elena academy auditing on their students information about payments, balances, fees, school activities updates, report card every grading period into a computer based system that can help them a lot in auditing and monitoring their student records. It is just simply like an information kiosk on our university which can be found at ST gate and CS gate wherein they can access easily their information such as their grades and balances and other important details on their own. We would like to propose this Information and Internet kiosk systems to utilize similar software and hardware and Information kiosks are designed to provide access to one or more focused applications, such as browsing chools/students information or learning about schools available services. Internet kiosks, on the other hand, provide on-demand access to a wide variety of Internet sites, email, and more providing aspects of both. Whether you are working on computer information kiosks or an Internet kiosk system, we make sure that the software offers a secure, locked down environment and robust kiosk management tools. We would develop our propose system at vb. net platform and sql as the database. Propose System features: 1) Balance Inquiry 2) Account Details 3) Daily Grade Report 4) Information System for students 5) SMS Technology capable 6) Internet Access 7) School Activities Updates 8) Barcode ID for Entity Recognition Users of the system 1) Students 2) IT personnel 3) Teachers

The French Revolution essays

The French Revolution essays The French Revolution was a turning point in France's history. The Revolution began when King Louis XVI called the Estates General to provide money for his bankrupt government. Between 1789 and 1799 many kings, queens, nobles, and clergyman lost their power and status in France. France's government changes drastically over the ten years the war was fought and it will never be the same. By the end of 1788, France was on the verge of bankruptcy. King Louis was a very indecisive and shy king. He didn't care much for politics or people. Through his carelessness Louis chose officials who stole money from him and France. Since France had no money and a large debt to pay the king taxed the citizens harshly. The angry French grew tired of the heavy taxes and riots broke out constantly against the king. Louie summoned the General Estates to meet at the Palace of Versailles for the first time since 1614. Louis had all three estates prepare cahiers. The cahiers were notebooks listing the grievances of each estate. Many cahiers asked for reform. These reforms includes: freedom of speech, a regular meeting of the Estates General, and fairer taxes. The third estate and least influential was also the largest. It contained one million middle class citizens and twenty-four million laborers and working class citizens. The third estate sick of being refused by nobles and being out-voted(not in count but rank) formed the National Assembly. When their normal meeting place was locked for preparations of a royal speech the National Assembly took it as a threat. Between the ten days of June 17,1789 and June 27, 1789, the delegates of the assembly took the Tennis Court Oath. The oath meant that they would not dismember until a fair constitution was written up for France. After many nobles joined the National Assembly the king had not choice but to accept them, but ...

Historical and Contemporary Perspectives of Aging in the Work Place Research Paper

Historical and Contemporary Perspectives of Aging in the Work Place - Research Paper Example Such classifications also tend to associate individuals of the same groups with particular characteristics ranging from physical to social characteristics. This inherently leads to different perspectives held by the society concerning aging; and is particularly inherent in the workforce. Individuals of different ages are perceived differently in the workforce and the perceptions significantly vary across history, with the historical perspective of aging differing from the contemporary perspectives (Armstrong-Stassen & Schlosser, 2011). The United Nations indicated that the world’s elderly population exhibits the fastest growth rate ever. The projections indicated that by the year 2050, more than two billion people will be aged 60 and over (Brooke, Taylor, Mcloughlin & Biase, 2012). The aging populations particularly in the workforce have been described by terms such as ‘old age tsunami’ and ‘demographic time bomb’. The apocalyptic language indicates that historically, the elderly population has been small compared to the contemporary society. Those who are 60 and above are hugely talented, have the relevant experience as well as the necessary skills and knowledge. The most likely challenge that will arise in the future will, therefore, be how to maintain and capitalize on the potentiality of this age group without disposing them away in retirement. This has seen efforts by countries such as Germany and France to increase the retirement age to 62 from 60 by 2018 (Brooke, Taylor, Mcl oughlin & Biase, 2012). Historically, the elderly in the workforce have been largely subjected to voluntary or forceful retirement and entrenchment. This was in effort to accommodate the growing youth populations with better talents, skills and knowledge and who have undergone better training and educational courses. In the contemporary society, the then youthful population is now increasingly making up the elderly population. With their essential capacities, the

Drugs and brain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drugs and brain - Research Paper Example It is advisable to take legal drugs for recreation since the bureau of standards checks them whereas illegal drugs may be unfit for human consumption since no standardization is done. Drugs acts on the brain by altering the normal functioning of the body which can be either sudden or with time. Normally, the brain communicates through neurotransmitters, which are recycled once they have performed their function. When a drug is introduced in to the human body, it leads to excess transmitters in the brain since it inhibits their recycling and this result to exaggerated functioning of the brain leading to the visual or psychological effects of the drug. Drugs are chemical substances that alter the normal functioning of the body. People take drugs with different motives, some follow doctors prescription while others take drugs for pleasure. Drugs can be either legal or illegal. Legal drugs include medicines, which are taken to relief the body from pain and illnesses and recreational drugs like beer, and cigarettes, which are taken for pleasure. Drugs can either be manufactured like or obtained naturally. For example, medicines like Aspirin and paracetamol and recreational drugs like beer and heroine are manufactured drugs while most herbal medicines and recreational drugs like tobacco are obtained naturally (Watts, 2004). The human brain is part of the nervous system enclosed in the cranium and consists of a soft convoluted mass of gray and white matter weighing around three pounds. The brain is the most necessity in human beings since it controls every functioning of the body. The human brain is divided into three main parts, the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem and each part performs a specific function. The cerebrum is the outermost part of the brain and divided in to four sections called lobes. Lobes are responsible for processing signals from our senses thus enabling us to see, smell,

The policy regime that governed the expansion of the electricity Essay

The policy regime that governed the expansion of the electricity system in the last century is a barrier to decarbonisation - Essay Example In Ontario, several policy regimes were created in the effort of achieving decarbonisation. In this essay, I will examine the policy regime that was enacted by the Ontario government, as well as, how they have helped and diminished the achievement of clean electric energy in the province. In Ontario to ensure that there were appropriate regimes to run the introduction of the clean energy and to avoid competition, the government enacted the Ontario Power Authority in 2004. The Act was enacted to conduct autonomous electricity system planning and to procure electricity resources. Although the policy regimes were meant to end decarbonisation in Ontario, some of the policy makers were main profit out of the regimes (Winfield,  2012). Instead of focusing on measures to decarbonize Ontario and ensure that there is clean environment focused on the market discipline and competition on renewable energy. In that, according to the Advisory Committee on Competition in Ontario’s Electricity System, the policy that was created was not intended to encourage renewable energy. The Committee further argued that Ontario customers needed electricity that was genera ted by renewable resources where they would choose it in a new market that would be introduced. The politics in en ergy have been a great barrier in the achievement of decarbonisation. Therefore, to ensure that political polarization on renewable energy is reduced proper measures should be given to ensure that debates on renewable energy were not based on politics. Secondly, the policy regimes that were created in the last decade were a barrier to decarbonisation. Because instead of supporting renewable energy in Ontario the government was delaying the opening of electricity by maintaining the introduction of market and competition forces, which were all needed to promote renewable energy (Pond,  2009). The government did not consider that by delaying the regimes in the province they were causing many

Tv program evaluation (modern family) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tv program evaluation (modern family) - Essay Example Among the three families, Claire’s family may seem to be the most traditional, but twists in the plot makes it more complex than usual. Modern Family depicts the possible mixture of modern families in America. It tackle issues that was once in a life time considered taboo, such as inter-racial marriages, same sex unions, and age gap differences. The sitcom introduces a break on the prejudice created by tradition and creates more complex characters, defying proper convention. It is realistic in a way, as it involves problems usually taken by modern families and effective ways to cope with them. An example is the bias depicted against Gloria, a Columbian native with his son Manny who have entered into the lives of the Pritchett by marrying Jay, a man twice his age. Another example is the same sex union between Mitch and Cameron, and their attempt to create a normal family by adopting a child, to which their father Jay, at first did not approve of. The show also breaks stereotype s in gender roles. This is best shown in how Mitch and Cameron, despite being both a man, creates a sort of roles of father and mother. Mitch being a lawyer, is the provider of the family, while Cameron, a former music teacher chose to quit his job to take care of the household and their adopted child, Lily. It shows that even in an unconventional gay family, stereotypes and roles are made.

Self reflectio on the module of acoounting information system Essay

Self reflectio on the module of acoounting information system - Essay Example Skills Learned From closer assessment of my personal and professional skills, it is apparent that the following skills were developed from the course: analytical skills, critical thinking, and intellectual growth from increased inputs on AIS concepts and theories, comprehension skills, the ability to interpret and apply required tasks and activities, and increased understanding of financial and accounting operations of an organization, among others. Further, skills to enable me to comply with the needed follow through in the module are likewise improved: prioritization of tasks or time management, problem-solving skills, introspection and even decision-making skills. The given lectures do not only provide the required explanation for terms being the subjects of discussion; but more importantly, learning goals are identified and illustrations are provided to guide and enhance learning skills. For instance, the topic on transactions processing gave students the lay-outs for sales or re venue cycle, as well as other cycles such as the purchasing, payroll and fixed asset cycle. These lay-outs assisted students in understanding the theories through visual representation of elements and interactions among stakeholders: managers, different departments, and external institutions (suppliers, government, and customers). I realized, however, that there were some topics which are generally difficult to understand given the nature and level of complicated concepts that were presented. For example, the topic on IS auditing was a fairly difficult topic that aimed to provide concepts in the most concise form. It, however, was successful in providing a general overview of the audit techniques and steps from a student’s perspective. Both critical and analytical skills are improved in this phase. I realized that for students who developed a deeper interest in the subject would need to make additional research or undertake additional courses on that topic alone. The topic on security and control is an interesting, relevant and contemporary issue that is highly important in terms of applicability to global organizational settings. Due to the technological developments accorded by the internet age, various organizations that opted to implement electronic applications (such as online banking, selling transactions through electronic business, and delivery of health care) need to be serious about awareness on this subject. My interpretative, analytic and application skills are enhanced as the subject of security breaches are closely studied. The topic on recovery procedures and control measures are most useful to inform me on the critical aspects of ensuring security in various phases of the operations in the organization, not only in information technology, but in other areas such as personnel, physical lay-out and structure, among others. It is my personal belief that other topics were fairly presented in a very generalized manner with the objective of pr oviding the necessary information that could be sourced from these: supply chain management, logistics and competitive advantage. These concepts should be discussed in more detail in other management courses like marketing. Another subject that is felt to have a wide range of complex topics and sub-topics is the area of systems development that presented other equally

Brand Management - Create a new sub-brand for Ted Baker plc (new make Essay

Brand Management - Create a new sub-brand for Ted Baker plc (new make up range) - Essay Example bulences within the British and the international market, the firm needs to prepare in advance a careful plan for the relevant initiative estimating the effectiveness and the feasibility of this project in the long term. In order to design the plan related with a specific product, we should primarily examine its potential market in terms of the customers’ preferences as they have been observed in relation with similar products. In this context, it is suggested by Henderson et al. (2000, 112) that ‘the building of a brand starts with a precise definition of the target customer group and its needs and expectations and proceeds to a realistic assessment of how well the brand currently meets them’. From a similar point of view, Dennis et al. (2002, 355) noticed that ‘branding is well known for consumer products but power has shifted from manufacturers brands towards retailers while the term image is more common than brand in the context of shopping centres, but branding may become more important’. In accordance with the above, the design and the development of a brand can be a challenging task especially when the targeted market is a competitive one (like in the case of UK). The proposed product will include a series of sub-products. More specifically, the firm is interested in launching a series of make up products including: a make up crà ¨me, a make up powder, a mix – make up product (crà ¨me and powder in one product) and a compact make up product which will be characterized for its long duration. The careful examination of the British market – especially of the specific sector – showed that this market is offered for the specific product. More specifically, in accordance with a series of statistics published by Market Research Portal (2006) the value of British cosmetics market is estimated to approximately 1.5 billion Euros for 2006. On the other hand, it is noticed that ‘over the past five years the make-up market has seen vibrant growth of

Tv program evaluation (modern family) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tv program evaluation (modern family) - Essay Example Among the three families, Claire’s family may seem to be the most traditional, but twists in the plot makes it more complex than usual. Modern Family depicts the possible mixture of modern families in America. It tackle issues that was once in a life time considered taboo, such as inter-racial marriages, same sex unions, and age gap differences. The sitcom introduces a break on the prejudice created by tradition and creates more complex characters, defying proper convention. It is realistic in a way, as it involves problems usually taken by modern families and effective ways to cope with them. An example is the bias depicted against Gloria, a Columbian native with his son Manny who have entered into the lives of the Pritchett by marrying Jay, a man twice his age. Another example is the same sex union between Mitch and Cameron, and their attempt to create a normal family by adopting a child, to which their father Jay, at first did not approve of. The show also breaks stereotype s in gender roles. This is best shown in how Mitch and Cameron, despite being both a man, creates a sort of roles of father and mother. Mitch being a lawyer, is the provider of the family, while Cameron, a former music teacher chose to quit his job to take care of the household and their adopted child, Lily. It shows that even in an unconventional gay family, stereotypes and roles are made.

Brand Management - Create a new sub-brand for Ted Baker plc (new make Essay

Brand Management - Create a new sub-brand for Ted Baker plc (new make up range) - Essay Example bulences within the British and the international market, the firm needs to prepare in advance a careful plan for the relevant initiative estimating the effectiveness and the feasibility of this project in the long term. In order to design the plan related with a specific product, we should primarily examine its potential market in terms of the customers’ preferences as they have been observed in relation with similar products. In this context, it is suggested by Henderson et al. (2000, 112) that ‘the building of a brand starts with a precise definition of the target customer group and its needs and expectations and proceeds to a realistic assessment of how well the brand currently meets them’. From a similar point of view, Dennis et al. (2002, 355) noticed that ‘branding is well known for consumer products but power has shifted from manufacturers brands towards retailers while the term image is more common than brand in the context of shopping centres, but branding may become more important’. In accordance with the above, the design and the development of a brand can be a challenging task especially when the targeted market is a competitive one (like in the case of UK). The proposed product will include a series of sub-products. More specifically, the firm is interested in launching a series of make up products including: a make up crà ¨me, a make up powder, a mix – make up product (crà ¨me and powder in one product) and a compact make up product which will be characterized for its long duration. The careful examination of the British market – especially of the specific sector – showed that this market is offered for the specific product. More specifically, in accordance with a series of statistics published by Market Research Portal (2006) the value of British cosmetics market is estimated to approximately 1.5 billion Euros for 2006. On the other hand, it is noticed that ‘over the past five years the make-up market has seen vibrant growth of

Sibling Comparison of Everyday Use Essay Example for Free

Sibling Comparison of Everyday Use Essay Sibling Similar Differences â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker tells a story of a mother who narrators the visit of her daughter from college and the conflict between her two daughters. The mother, named Mrs. Johnson, gives descriptions of her daughters’, Dee and Maggie, personality and looks, and each daughter description is opposite of each other. Additionally, Mrs. Johnson describes each daughter’s education level, which also differs. The only hidden similarity between these two sisters is the fact each one of them lacks confidence. Dee’s lack of confidence is more implicit, while Maggie’s lack of confidence is explicit. By doing this, Walker has the mother to develop a contrast between the sisters’ personality, appearance, and education, but forms a similarity from each sister’s lack of confidence. Mrs. Johnson first reveals the differences between Dee’s and Maggie’s looks and personality. Mrs. Johnson states, â€Å"Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a full figure† (paragraph 10). This comparison of the two sister show that Mrs. Johnson favors Dee’s lighter skin tone, grade of hair and body shape over her other daughter Maggie. Moreover, Mrs. John describes Dee’s foot as â€Å"neat looking, as if God himself had shaped them with a certain style† (paragraph19). Mrs. Johnson statement makes it more evident that she praises Dee’s appearance more by including God more so in Dee’s creation and never mentions it for Maggie’s creation. By her favoring the overall look of Dee causes her daughter to feel more deserving of nicer things and seemingly more confident than Maggie. However, this pedestal that Mrs. Johnson put Dee on, makes Dee feel superior to her family that causes Dee to reject her heritage and upbringing. Contrary to Dee’s look and personality, Maggie is described to be less appealing and confident. Mrs. Johnson portrays Maggie to be â€Å"thin† (paragraph 7) and that â€Å"good looks†¦passed her by† (paragraph 13). This portrait of Maggie is insulting for a mother to say and exposes Mrs. Johnson favoritism. Additionally, she compares Maggie’s walk to that of a hit dog, showing that she prefer the overall look of Maggie. Mrs. Johnson then describes Maggie to always be â€Å"chin on chest, eyes on the ground, feet in shuffle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (paragraph 9). This description shows that Maggie lacks confidence to the point that she feels lower than people, especially her sister, and undeserving of things unlike her sister. The major contrast between the sisters is their education level. Dee is the sister that goes to college and seems to better herself, while Maggie stays at home and mostly taught about things from her heritage. Dee is said to â€Å"read without pity† and â€Å"force† (paragraph 11) unwanted knowledge unto her family. Dee believes that this knowledge makes her higher than her family that creates a separation between her and her family. Also by gaining this knowledge she is looking for an outside life and not that of her mother and sister. In order to do this she feels as though she must change her name. While Maggie, on the other hand, does not receive the same education, but instead take on her mother ways and lack in education. Maggie reading is described as choppy with stumbling. In addition, Mrs. Johnson makes it know that Maggie â€Å"is not bright† (paragraph 13) revealing that Maggie is uneducated. Maggie is less educated than Dee because their mother pushed education more on Dee. The reason Mrs. Johnson emphasis education more on Dee is because she felt that Dee was more suited for that high level life, more so than Maggie. Maggie’s lack of education causes her to accept her home life, stifling her from ever experiencing the outside world beyond their mother’s yard. Walker may have set this educational difference up to show the dangerous that too much knowledge can lead to alienation, while the dangers of too little of an education can suppress a person’s fulfillment, which these two sister show. Even with all these difference, both sisters share one ultimate similarity of lacking confidence in some aspect of life. Maggie is seen in the forefront within her personality. Maggie is seen as shy and timid because of lifelong comparison to her sister that causes her not to feel worthless. Additionally, the scars she receives from the fire enhanced her lack of self confidence making her want to hide in the shadows. Similar to her sister, Dee shockingly lacks in confidence. Unlike Maggie, Dee does not seem to be lacking in self-confidence.

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited Ptcl

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited Ptcl Introduction: Currently, the business environment is facing challenges related to globalization and human resource. As global competition intensifies, and industries have become more intensive towards skill, the demand for talent, knowledge and skill-based workers is increasing. Due to this, companies and organizations are adopting sophisticated and high-end recruitment and selection strategies in order to get the right employee for the right position at the right time. As a result, e-recruitment had emerge and become more easy, accessible and efficient than the traditional methods (Tong Sivanand, 2005). The Internet Business Network, a US recruiting consulting firm, reported that the number of worldwide websites which contain job listing had increased from 500 to 200,000. In addition, the number of rà ©sumà ©s being posted and uploaded in e-recruitment websites had increased from 100,000 in 1995 to 2.5 million in 1998. According to the Forrester Researchs study, a total of 124,000 companies will be recruiting online (cited in Harvard Update, 2000). E-Recruitment in Pakistan In Pakistan today, online job searching had become very popular. This is because of the popularity of the Internet. Online job postings started in 1990, when different IT companies and universities begin to use the Internet in extensive manner. The first reference to online recruitment emerged in the mid-1980s, and the systematic reference to online recruitment in the HR began 10 years after mid-1990s. During the two years of existence, there are more or less 3,000 companies to use online career centres (OCC), or known as online job portals (Rehman Khan, 2010). Access to the Internet had been available in Pakistan since the early 1990s. PTCL was one of the companies in the country to take advantage of the benefits and advantages of the Internet, by offering different Internet services via nation-wide local call network. Currently, the Internet had become a vital part of the nation, particularly for the younger generation (Rehman Khan, 2010). In a qualitative, open-ended survey, 30 senior executives were interviewed to identify the existing HR trends in the IT industry of Pakistan. The result showed that 43% of the respondents prefer online vacancy posting or online posting in order to select and recruit candidates. Furthermore, 80% of the entire population chose rozee.pk as the main destination for online head-hunters, while the remaining 20% consists of theritemoves.com, bayt.com, yahoo groups, meramustakbil.com and LinkedIn, which are considered as the secondary destinations (Pervaz, 2009). Context of the Study: Recent study, in 1999, survey conducted in order to analyze the trends and development of online job searching processes in the job market of the country. The result of the study shows that time-saving is the primary motivator for Internet job searching, followed by, researching a wide area of jobs, providing global coverage, ease, and cost-saving. Thus, it shows that the Internet had been a very important means or channel of finding jobs for fresh graduates and jobholders (Rehman Khan, 2010). These are the primary reasons why the popularity of e-recruitment service providers is increasing. However, the study of Kin Tong Sinavanand (2005) showed that even though the revenues of e-recruiters are growing in rapid manner, their profits are still elusive. Reasons for Selecting the Research Environment: As stated in the proposed title, I choose Pakistan for its research environment. The primary reason behind, this is because I been located in the said country, thus, it will be feasible and accessible for me, because the respondents or the primary data can be accessed within the vicinity, and thus, cultural and ethical factors will not be a great factor. Nature of Organization or Case Study: Pakistani Telecommunications Company Limited (PTCL) was incorporated in Pakistan on December 31, 1995. The organization commenced business on January 1, 1996. It is listed an all of the three stock exchange in Pakistan. The company was established in order to undertake the telecommunication business that was first offered by Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC). The business was transferred to PTCL on January 1, 1996 under the Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Act, 1996, which enable the company to take all of its resources, which include properties, rights, assets, obligations and liabilities of PTC, expect those that have been transferred to the National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), Frequency Allocation Board (FAB), Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) and Pakistan Telecommunication Employees Trust (PTET) (Forex PK 2010). PTLC was chosen by the author because it is considered as one of the largest and biggest companies in the country. Currently, it is servicing innovations and technologies towards millions of people, improving their life. In 2010, the PTCL Group declared its 2009 revenue of Rs 49.4 billion, which was higher by 6%, compare with the last year (Forex PK 2010). Literature Review: There are vast literatures which tackle the issue of e-recruitment. However, most of these literatures mainly focus on the different advantages and benefits of e-recruitment inside different organizations. The study of Online recruitment connects 3 with top talent: HR specialist can learn a lot from marketing reveals how mobile-telephone company 3 is applying its e-recruitment in order to attract top talent in a highly competitive market. The study shows that e-recruitment had helped to increase the efficiency, easiness as well as speed of the hiring process, which made it easier for the managers to handle huge volumes of applications and interviews. The result also shows that there have been a great change in the recruitment process in the company, compared before, when the company was using combination of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and Outlook in recruitment management. Thus, it had helped in order to improve the employer brand by the improvement of the application experience (25 26). The result was supported with the case study of Superdrug, a UK health and beauty retailer which focuses on describing the weaknesses of the paper and e-mail based recruitment system that the company used to apply. The result shows that the entire recruitment process has become quicker, more efficient and the company experienced 87% savings in using e-recruitment (2007, 26 28). The same result was experienced by Nike, a leading manufacturer of shoes and sports apparel, with the introduction of e-recruitment in Europe, Middle East and Asia (EMEA) headquarters of the company. The result shows that there 54% savings upon the introduction of the system, at the same time, the average time in filling up vacancies has fallen from 62 to 42 days (Anon, 2005). The study of Zafar, Shaukat and Mat (2010) about the e-human resource management practices inside State Bank of Pakistan of 37 employees, shows that e-HRM, together with e-recruitment, were applied and used inside the organization in order to acquire efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, the survey also showed that the employees and possible employees were satisfied with the current implementation of the system inside the organization. Thus, it enables the entire HRM department and the Bank to take advantage of IT in order to work with the different transactions related with HRM, particularly recruitment, selection and hiring. On the other hand, the study of Kin Tong (2009) enables to show some of the possible risks or hindrances in the success of e-recruitment implementation in an organization. Using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Perceived Privacy Risk (PPR), Performance Expectancy (PE), Application-Specific Self-Efficacy (ASSE) and Perceived Stress (PS) as key external factors, the author analyzes the perceptions and behaviours of the jobseekers towards the e-recruitment adoption in Malaysia. The result shows few key determinants to the adoption of technology. Many studies show that the acceptance of the technology, perceived risk and acceptance and job pressure of both employees (HR and IT department of companies) and the applicants are the major issues and challenges which affect the success of implementation of e-recruitment system. First, according to Lin Stansinskaya (2002) the lack of knowledge of e-recruitment of the HR community as well as the limited commitment of senior managers towards the system can greatly affect the quantity and quality of the candidates using the application (3). In addition, like any other application of the Internet, its users are concerned with the issue of confidentiality of important personal information. As a result, it hinders the openness of the applicants or candidates to use e-recruitment system (Kerrin Kettley 2003). On the other hand, Lin Stasinskaya (2004) imposed that companies are somewhat reluctant in using e-recruitment because of the issues regarding the accuracy, verifiability and accou ntability of the information about the applicants, which might limit the diversity among applicants. In addition, Lin Stasinskaya further argue that lack of personal interactions in the process of online employment applications can cause limitations in communication flow between the candidates and the employers, which lead to the frustration on the part of the candidates and the missed opportunities for the employer to gather more important information. Above all, the study of Stanton (1999) shows that e-recruitment can cause threat towards equal opportunity, because it may hamper the efforts of the organization in promoting diversity in their workforce. This is because; according to Sharf (2000) there are still vital differences in the percentage of households which possess Internet access within the poor community and disabled people. Even though, there are different researches which focus on the advantages and disadvantages of e-recruitment for organizations and individual career hunters, thus, there are numbers of research which mainly focus on the case of Malaysia, UK and the United States, there are few, if none, which focus on the case of Pakistan. This is very important because, it is vital to investigate further the impact of technology gap in the effectiveness of e-recruitment towards organizations and candidates for employment. Questions and Hypotheses: The study intended to answer the question: What are the barriers to implement e-recruitment or online recruitment system in Pakistan? And, how can these barriers can be overcome? In line with this, the study will work on the following assumptions: User acceptance of technology can lead to loss of money and resources and failure of e-recruitment system in Pakistan; Perceived risk and perceived acceptance can affect the decisions of organizations in Pakistani in deciding about implementation of e-recruitment; and Job pressure towards the staffs can affect the success of e-recruitment inside the organization. Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the study is to explore the different factors that can affect or influence the successful implementation of e-recruitment tools in Pakistani organizations. In line with this, the following will be the objectives of the study: To analyze the readiness of Pakistani business environment in implementation of e-recruitment systems in different organizations; To identify the different issues faced by hiring managers in Pakistan; To analyze how e-recruitment system can solve the problems and issues in recruitment process in Pakistan; and To recommend different processes and procedures on successful implementation of e-recruitment system in Pakistan. Methods Chosen This study will gather both textual and numerical data from the selected population of respondents. Thus, it will employ qualitative and quantitative method. With this, survey interview and questionnaire will be used in order to gather primary information. Questionnaire will be delivered and conducted towards the respondents with the supervision of the researcher, in order to prevent disadvantage of self-administered questionnaire. On the other hand, due to financial and time aspect, interview will be conducted via phone. Generally, this study will be descriptive in nature. This will focus on analyzing the current problem by focusing on the responses of the respondents. According to Creswell (1994), it will focus on presenting facts about the nature and status of a given situation as it exists during the time of the study, therefore, it will be helpful in analyzing the connections and practices that exists, beliefs that are ongoing, effects that are being felt and even trends that ar e being developed (Best 1970). As a result, it can help in order to describe the present or existing conditions and conditions based on the perceptions and opinions of the respondents of the study (Creswell, 1994). In general, descriptive studies not only focus on supply of knowledge regarding the different variabilities and regularities, but also stimulate the investigators to focus on the definition of master terms in unequivocal manner (Vallier, 1973, 217). In addition, this study will examine and explore the problems and questions by taking cross section of it one time using cross-sectional study (Rubin Babbie, 2009). With this, it can offer great advantage and benefits towards the researcher, because the research can be taken or implemented in a short period of time. Furthermore, because the topic, problems and questions associated with the study does not demand long-time observations and analysis, this method is of great use. In addition, case study will be used in the study . Case study are considered as set in temporal, geographical, organizational, institutional and other context which enable boundaries to be drawn around the said case, thus it can be defined by individuals and groups that are involved, together with their roles and functions in the case (Cohen, Manion Morrison, 2003, 182). Data Collection Methods Survey questionnaire and interview will be implemented. The name of the respondents to join the research will be chosen in random manner. The names of the entire population of the selected case will be listed in strips of paper, and then will be drawn. A total of 60 employees will be selected to answer the questionnaire administered by the researcher. Because the researcher believes that he/she will be taking working times of the respondents, the questionnaire will be employ closed questions. This is the type of question which all of the possible answers are identified and the respondents are asked to choose one of the answers. This was chosen because it will be beneficial both for the respondents and the researcher. It is easier to administer, easier and quicker to record the respondents and easier to code. In addition, its major disadvantages, which are the inability to raise new issues, will be complemented by the interview process. Out of the 60 employees, 10 will be selected in order to undergo interview. Unlike the survey questionnaire, the interview will employ open questions in order to raise new important issues regarding the problem of the study. The schedule of the interview will be dependent towards the availability of the respondents. Because of financial and time issues, phone interview will be implemented. Analysis Data analysis will be done in two ways: mathematical and document analysis. In document analysis, different information gathered from past literatures, articles, studies as well as annual reports and newspaper articles about the case will be analyzed, which will be used in order to support the mathematical result of the study, together with the interview result. On the other hand, the answers by the respondents in the survey questionnaires will be encoded in the SPSS, a statistical computer application, which will help the researcher to easily analyze the result of the survey. The following are the statistical formulas to be used: Percentage to determine the magnitude of the responses to the questionnaire. n % = x 100 ; n number of responses N N total number of respondents Weighted Mean f1x1 + f2x2 + f3x3 + f4x4 + f5x5 x = -; xt where: f weight given to each response x number of responses xt total number of responses Quality Issues: Reliability, Validity and Generasability of Intended Work: The concerns of the researcher upon the collection of data focus on the means of measuring the instruments: validity and reliability of the instrument used. Reliability pertains on the estimation of internal consistency which pertains on the level to which the sum of scores from a given set of items correspondents to the scores that would be obtained from a parallel set, which include the equal number of items which measure the same phenomenon. On the other hand, validity pertains on the estimate of the extent to which the data measure what is intended to be measure (Brewer Ware 2002). Thus, in order to maintain validity of the instruments to be used in the study, initial survey of 5 respondents will be done, they will not be included in the final data gathering procedure. The participants will be asked regarding the different parts of the questionnaire which needed changes. Thus, with accordance to their demands, the questionnaire will be changed in order to ensure that it will be easily understood and answered by the future respondents. Sample Frame The primary data will be gathered from the IT and HRM department of PTCL. A total of 50 respondents are targeted in this study, which include HR officers, IT staffs and newly hired employees (hired via the e-recruitment process). The names of the respondents will be chosen in random selection manner, which will help in order to prevent bias from the personal opinion and perception of the researcher towards the respondents. The name of the entire population of the said three groups will be listed in strips of paper and will be drawn by the researcher; this process is called the lottery. Ethical Issues The probable ethical issues in the study are informed consent and confidentiality. First, it is important to consider that right to privacy follows from the assumption that autonomous individuals have to right to make decisions regarding their lives, together with the information and data that are related to it. Therefore, it is the decision of the respondents if he or she will want to participate in the study. Even though the use of informed consent will be helpful, it is not considered as a panacea for the ethical problems. Therefore, this research will inform the participants of the study ahead of time, regarding the different information and aspects of the study, which will help in order for them to be informed, thus clarify future misconceptions and misunderstanding (Kitchener, 2000). Another important issue is confidentiality, this pertains not just towards the actual use of the data, but also in the process of gathering of data how the interview questions and survey questions are constructed. The researcher will not disclose personal information of the respondents, thus, the information gathered from the respondents will be used solely for the assessment. Benefits of the Study The proposed study will be very beneficial towards different types of organization, particularly, to those from the telecommunication industry. Overall, this will be helpful in analyzing and evaluating the different factors that are related to he e-recruitment process, particularly its advantages and disadvantages, which can help the most important resource in any business human resource. Limitations of the Study The main limitation of this paper focuses on the time that the author will spend in analyzing the case. Due to this, it had affected the methodologies, approaches and tools to be used in order to gather primary and secondary data. Consequently, this will have an impact towards the results and findings of the study. Primarily, this study will be limited to one organization. It is important to consider that each and every organization, in different sector or industry is unique in their own way, due to the different internal and external factors affect the organization. This is particularly important in the case of e-recruitment, because it will have to focus on the economic, social, technological and policy aspect of the macro-environment setting of the company. Conclusion Just like all of the countries in the world, Pakistan had been affected, and is continuously being affected by the Internet and globalization. Thus, it also affects how people seek jobs for money and daily living, and how companies look for useful people in order to achieve their organization goals and objectives. It can be applied in the case of PTCL, wherein the company strive for the better in order to improve their human resource management process, to catch the biggest fishes in the sea of pool of striving candidates.

Satiation in John Milton’s Paradise Lost and Margaret Cavendish’s Blazing World :: Paradise lost Blazing World

Satiation in John Milton’s Paradise Lost and Margaret Cavendish’s Blazing World Hell is huge but it isn’t big enough. Within the text of Paradise Lost by John Milton, it is, A universe of death, which God by curse Created evil, for evil only good,Where all life dies, death lives, and nature breeds,Perverse, all monstrous, all prodigious things,Abominable, inutterable, and worse†¦ (II.622-6)There is no satiety in Hell. Eden, by comparison, is a relatively small place in Milton’s epic poem, but it seems to be an environment replete with satisfaction. Or is it? We students of experiential literature owe Milton a debt of gratitude for helping us to experience our forebears’, that is Adam and Eve’s, lack of satiation within a paradisiacal environment. This paper will explore the topic of satiety within that environment; and, along the way, discuss the concept of singularity found in Cavendish’s Blazing World for comment upon that satiation. Milton begins at the middle of his epic with an appeal to music, a universal and fulfilling language, â€Å"Restore us, and regain the blissful seat, Sing Heavenly Muse† (I.5-6).He immediately places us after the fall and takes us beyond sentience with an invocation to a muse, only this muse is beyond all muses and this epic is above all epics: I thence Invoke thy aid to my advent’rous song,That with no middle flight intends to soar Above th’ Aonian mount, while it pursues Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme. (I.12-16) Milton establishes himself as the legitimate teller of the tale – and this tale will take us beyond the mythology of the Greeks’Aonian Mount and inoculate us against Hell’s prodigiousness. He is taking us beyond mythological or explanatory pictures of ourselves, to an area where we may bask in a greater comfort: Taught by the Heav’nly Muse to venture down The dark descent, and up to reascend, Though hard and rare: thee I revisit safe,And feel thy sovran vital lamp†¦ (III.19-22) In her note to the reader in The Description of A New World, Called The Blazing World, it is evident that Margaret Cavendish seeks to take us beyond mere studious thoughts, to a place sated with fancy: And this is the reason, why I added this piece of fancy to my philosophical observations, and joined them as two worlds at the ends of their poles; both for my own sake, to divert my studious thoughts, which I employed in the contemplation thereof, and to delight the reader with variety, which is always pleasing.

Hadyn Middletons Lie of the Land :: Middleton Lie of the Land Essays

Hadyn Middleton's Lie of the Land The mystical premise William Blake uses as the basis for his poetic work is not one based on a transcendent God, but the "Universal Man" who is himself God and who incorporates the cosmos as well. Blake elsewhere describes this founding image as "the human Form Divine" and names him "Albion." After becoming more familiar with the "myth" William Blake uses in his poetry, it is clear that Hadyn Middleton doesn't simply refer to Blake throughout the telling of Lie of the Land, his myths live quite comfortably inside within it. Nennius is not simply inspired by the work of Blake, he becomes Blake's work. Nennius becomes Albion. Blake's attempt to articulate a full myth of humanity's present, past, and future is clearly mirrored in Middleton's beginning, middle and end. What both Blake and Middleton explore is the fall of a man from humanity into a lower "state" of being. The fall, in Blake's myth, is not the fall of humanity away from God but a falling apart of primal people, a "fall into Division." In this event the original sin is what Blake calls "Selfhood," the attempt of an isolated part to be self-sufficient. The breakup of the all-inclusive Universal Man in Eden into exiled parts identifies the Fall with the creation-- the creation not only of man and of nature as we ordinarily know them but also of a sky god who is alien from humanity (20-21, here and throughout, page numbers refer to The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 6h ed. v.2). Middleton takes Nennius and plops him smack dab in the middle of Blake's poetic structure, in the middle of what ultimately becomes the lie of the land. When Nennius discovers the "woman's" presence, as a very young boy, he begins his "separation" into a state of selfhood; perhaps without really being conscious of this movement. He gives his life over to the power he thinks the woman possesses. He lives his life believing the "end" will eventually be brought to him from the spirit. Thus, he retreats into a world of his own making. Nennius imposes exile upon himself. The world excludes his wife, his child and all forms of human pleasure as well as human pain. Further into Blake's myth, Universal Man divides first into the "Four Mighty Ones" who are the Zoas, or chief powers and component aspects of humanity, and these in turn divide sexually into male Spectres and female Emanations (21). Hadyn Middleton's Lie of the Land :: Middleton Lie of the Land Essays Hadyn Middleton's Lie of the Land The mystical premise William Blake uses as the basis for his poetic work is not one based on a transcendent God, but the "Universal Man" who is himself God and who incorporates the cosmos as well. Blake elsewhere describes this founding image as "the human Form Divine" and names him "Albion." After becoming more familiar with the "myth" William Blake uses in his poetry, it is clear that Hadyn Middleton doesn't simply refer to Blake throughout the telling of Lie of the Land, his myths live quite comfortably inside within it. Nennius is not simply inspired by the work of Blake, he becomes Blake's work. Nennius becomes Albion. Blake's attempt to articulate a full myth of humanity's present, past, and future is clearly mirrored in Middleton's beginning, middle and end. What both Blake and Middleton explore is the fall of a man from humanity into a lower "state" of being. The fall, in Blake's myth, is not the fall of humanity away from God but a falling apart of primal people, a "fall into Division." In this event the original sin is what Blake calls "Selfhood," the attempt of an isolated part to be self-sufficient. The breakup of the all-inclusive Universal Man in Eden into exiled parts identifies the Fall with the creation-- the creation not only of man and of nature as we ordinarily know them but also of a sky god who is alien from humanity (20-21, here and throughout, page numbers refer to The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 6h ed. v.2). Middleton takes Nennius and plops him smack dab in the middle of Blake's poetic structure, in the middle of what ultimately becomes the lie of the land. When Nennius discovers the "woman's" presence, as a very young boy, he begins his "separation" into a state of selfhood; perhaps without really being conscious of this movement. He gives his life over to the power he thinks the woman possesses. He lives his life believing the "end" will eventually be brought to him from the spirit. Thus, he retreats into a world of his own making. Nennius imposes exile upon himself. The world excludes his wife, his child and all forms of human pleasure as well as human pain. Further into Blake's myth, Universal Man divides first into the "Four Mighty Ones" who are the Zoas, or chief powers and component aspects of humanity, and these in turn divide sexually into male Spectres and female Emanations (21).

Nationality Differentiation and Its Effect

Have you ever been picked on or made fun of because your nationality is different from someone else's or the color of your skin? If so, then the person who did it was probably a racist person. Racism still exists within all cultures. Some people won't admit they're a racist, but their actions and words prove otherwise. Most people won't directly discriminate other races, but that doesn't mean it doesn't happen everyday. Many will argue that their race is superior over another, or that the actions of a few individuals of a certain race determines how that race of people are, therefore making them unequal. I think all people should be treated equally, no matter who they are or what they look like.  However, there is no rights to govern how one person might perceive another person so every one can think or act on how they treat members of another race. Who's to say that if one group of people believes that they are superior over another group, that they won't display those actions if they confronted by members of that group or race? Prejudice people think that their way is right and they have the freedom of speech to express how they feel. If you were to ask if they were racist, they would defend their actions by saying it is how it should be and it isn't wrong.  Racism is broad topic to talk about but once everyone realizes it exists in the U.S. they can take steps to trying to talk to their children about it and maybe even change some of their ways in knowing that racism is wrong. It may not exist where you live, but any place that there will be adults, teens, or children of different races interact together there is a possibility of prejudice.Many other cultures are a target for racism, it isn't just black and white. Japanese, Indian, and Germans aren't safe from racism. I witnessed all kinds of prejudice against a wide variety of races. I've seen other races mistreat whites, blacks, and even Asians.  Basically, racism affects us all. I don't think it will go away ever because here in America there is such a wide variety of races, and when they are all mixed together, in the neither

The Cost of College Tuition

Nose Snotty October 11, 2010 English 112 Position Final The Cost of College Tuition The cost of college is very high compared to how the economy has been and how wages and financial aid have not risen with the cost of tuition. This makes it harder for students to graduate and brings a lot of stress to their lives. Without the funding that is needed many students drop out or take a longer time finishing their degree. Going to college is stressful enough without the need to worry about how you’re going to pay for it and what other costs will continue to rise with getting a degree.The cost of college is too high compared to the amount Americans make and how much they are expected to contribute. This issue is very close to me because I am attending college, along with many of my friends and hearing about their struggles with paying for college is something I hear about often and is something I constantly think about. Some of my friend’s parents are paying for their educatio n and this is a great help to the students but this causes a strain on the parents and can make them decide to pull money out of their retirement (carpenter).While going to college is important it can be very tough to pay for it. Some students have to rely on student loans to pay, while others have parents who are paying for it, while others can’t go at all because it would be too hard financially and to their everyday life to be able to go. Finding the right way for you can be a process. While many jobs require a degree, the cost of getting one has risen very dramatically over the years. Colleges seem to be able to raise tuition with a moment’s notice and expect the student to deal with it.The government can only shake an angry finger at them because they don’t want to take complete control over the colleges all over America. How the parents, student, and government look at the cost, the need for a degree, and how they will pay for it determines how much they a re willing to sacrifice for it. Most parents want better for their children. To some this includes paying for their college education. With the economy with the way that it is and people losing their jobs all the time this can be harder than expected.This has caused many students to change their choice on which college to attend to a cheaper choice or go to a community college before going to a four year school. (Carpenter) This isn’t a bad choice but it can be hard to transition from one school to another and hope that all the credits will transfer successfully. Many parents feel like they are letting their child down if they do not help them, but many believe that the student should pay for it them because it will help them learn responsibility with juggling school and a job. According to Public Agenda only 42% of students whose parents did not help them graduated (Clark).This could be blamed on how hard it can be to be working and to find time to fit in time not only for c lass but preparing for class without their parents help. This can help time management skills, but for a student to be able to graduate in four years and work enough to not have a mountain of debt can be a hard thing to accomplish. Something else that also comes up is it’s not just tuition that has to be paid for, it’s also all the fees added on and the costs that most people don’t think about when budgeting for school like food for each week and transportation.With added on fees for every class it can be very frustrating so how the student pays for college affects a lot of aspects in their lives. The government has done a lot to help students with grants and scholarships so that they can afford college. With FAFSA many families are given money that they would otherwise not have so they don’t have to worry about bettering themselves while struggling to make tuition payments. But what about the students whose parents make too much to get any grant money, b ut their parents don’t have enough money or don’t want to pay for them going to college?Tuition costs have raised very quickly compared to the amount of grants or scholarships available. In Indiana the university trustees set the tuition cost but many legislators are asking them to think about keeping it lower or not raise them at all (Kenly). The government thinks that the parents should be responsible for helping students pay until they are 24, married, a veteran, or have a child (Clark). This leaves a lot of students in need of help before any of these things happen.For a student to file as in independent they first need to be 24 even if they are not living with their parents and are on their own. Many students would qualify for financial aid if they could file independently but this stipulation leaves them to flounder by them. Also if a student graduates at the age at 18 and goes to school for four years this would only make them twenty-two and they would never mak e it to get financial aid as an independent so, they would have to get loans unless they were awarded scholarships.Having financial aid and grants from the government have helped a lot students go to college who otherwise couldn’t but it also leaves many students out who do not fit into the formula created for everyone. Going to college is a great way to better someone’s self but getting to the degree is much harder than just being a good student. Parents can only provide so much as well as the government but the rising cost of tuition with the financial far behind it is outrageous. It is understandable that universities need money to run themselves but the dramatic increase each year is something to wonder about.This is a close to home topic for me because I fall in the bracket where my parents cannot afford my education, but I do not receive any financial aid so my only option is to get loans. The government cannot provide for everyone but making college more afforda ble for everyone would really help our nation rise up to be more competitive with other countries. It is very sad for students who are hard workers and have the ability to get a degree, but the price discourages them from accomplishing that goal. College is an important step in many peoples’ lives in the world today.It is a requirement for many jobs and can help people reach more goals than without it. Some people believe that the need for college is greater than the sacrifice that is needed to get a degree. Even with the economy today college should be something that everyone should strive for no matter what the cost is. With a degree you can earn more money, get better jobs, and be more of an educated person. This is vital to many people in their everyday lives. With a college education you can earn double than having just a high school diploma (Longley).This makes the debt and sacrifices people make to go to college very important to better themselves. Without those sacrif ices a person could not get a better paying job and provide for their families or help better other things in their lives. The sacrifices that are needed to be made can be paid off with the bettering of oneself with a degree and to some this can be priceless. How the parents, student, and government look at the cost, the need for a degree, and how they will pay for it determines how much they are willing to sacrifice.The need for a degree and the cost of getting a degree can be analyzed and give facts and figures of how important or how unimportant it is to struggle with things that are required to graduate. The good can outweigh the bad but getting there can be a hard process, but some believe that the way it is now is a fine way to get to the end goal, because the end goal can be so rewarding.Works Cited 1. Carpenter, Dave â€Å"Cost of Degree is Forcing some to go to Plan B. † Associated Press. 26 September 2010. http://www. msnbc. msn. om/id/39277351/ns/business- personal _finance/. 14 October 2010. 2. Clark, Kim â€Å"Should your kids pay for their college? † 11 December 2009. http://www. usnews. com/articles/education/2009/12/11/should-your-kids-pay-for-college-themselves. html 15 October 2010. 3. Kenley, Luke â€Å"Response to High College Cost. † Indianapolis Star. 20 September 2010. Print. 15 October 2010. 4. Longley, Robert â€Å"College Degree Nearly Doubles Annual Earnings† http://usgovinfo. about. com/od/censusandstatistics/a/collegepays. htm. 31 October 2010.

Impressionism and The Famous Cafes of Paris Essay

Impressionism and The Famous Cafes of Paris - Essay Example The essay "Impressionism and The Famous Cafes of Paris" provide a detailed information about impressionism movement and gives a review on famous cafes of Paris in the 19th century. Impressionists painted day-to-day events instead of extraordinary occurrences. All this had to take place in a very unconventional setting. What better setting could they find than the famous cafes of Paris? How did the cafes relate with the impressionists and the post-impressionists? How much did the cafes influence the artists' work? How different they are now from what they were in the 19th century? These are some of the questions this paper tries to explore. Impressionism was an important movement in painting which began in the late 19th Century and developed through the early 20th century in France. It began when a few of the French artists became disillusioned with the way painting was taught in those days -- the mythological or historical subject matter. â€Å"They also rejected the conventional, i maginative or idealizing treatments of academic paintings.† Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renior, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Berthe Morisot, Armand Guillaumin and Frà ©dà ©ric Bazille comprised the initial artists of the movement. Among those who adopted the impressionist style of painting for some time were Edgar Degas and Paul Cà ©zanne. Édouard Manet was the painter who had inspired the impressionists to adopt the style in which they painted. Later, he also joined the movement and adopted its style. The impressionists were not hitherto known by this name. In 1874, when the group organized its own exhibition, an art critic, Louis Leroy, wrote a scathing criticism of the painting Impression, soleil levant (Impression, Sunrise), by the then unknown artist Claude Monet. Louis titled his review, The Exhibition of the Impressionists, and had this to say in his article: Impression - I was certain of it. I was just telling myself that, since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it and what freedom, what ease of workmanship! Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.2 It was from here on, that the group came to be known as the Impressionists and hence, the movement came to be known as Impressionism. This was the identity, which while the world derided, the artists of the group were proud of it. Neo-Impressionism and Post-Impressionism Impressionism, as a technique is still being practiced among the contemporary artists. However, the movement began to wane very shortly. The greatness of the movement does not lie in its longevity, its greatness lies in influence and productivity. As a reaction to Impressionism, two new movements came into being. Artists reacted against the empirical realism3 of the impressionists and devised a new technique based on scientific application of the optical principles of light and color to render the transient nature of time. This technique came to be known as Neo-Impressionism. Georges Seurat, Paul Signac, Henri-Edmond Cross, Albert Dubois-Pillet, Maximilien Luce, Tho Van Rysselberghe and the Impressionist painter Camille Pissarro, formed the first Neo-Impressionist group. Together, in 1881, they formed Socit des Artistes Indpendants (Society of Independent Artists). Like its predecessor, this movement also waned quickly, but not without having a lasting influence on the works of such great artists as Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and Henri Matisse. An English art-critic, Roger Fry, gave the name Post-Impressionism to the works of artists like Paul Czanne, Georges Seurat, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulous